Battle Study # 8    

Study Title: Paratroopers improvise transportation

Subject: Airborne troops, by definition, are lightly equipped. Therefore any locally obtained means of transportation was added to the Table of Equipment.

Date: September 18th, 1944

Location: Eindhoven, Veghel, Eerde, Holland

 

Introduction: When the German Army retreated from Belgium and Northern France in late August and early September, many soldiers passed through Eindhoven. In commandeered vehicles, on foot or on stolen bicycles, they hurried to the Heimat.
This is a still picture from a film made secretly on Hoog Straat in Eindhoven:

(click on images to enlarge)

Eindhoven, early September 1944

German soldiers in a Belgian or French farm cart en route to the Fatherland. Note the bicycles in the back.

 

The use of farm carts by the once victorious Wehrmacht was seen by the Dutch as a symbol of the decay of the Third Reich. However, when paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division used all sorts of transportation, it was explained as a symbol of "American Ingenuity".
Eindhoven, September 18th 1944

Paratroopers on Keizers Gracht, using a pram to move their equipment.

 

Requisitioning transportation was part of the overall task of airborne troops. These are the experiences of (Supply) Sergeant Robert R. Webb, of “HQ” Co., 3rd Bn./506th in his book Freedom Found, page 81-82, after landing on the Drop Zone in Son, Holland:
Now I had a mission to perform. I had to get all the bundles into some kind of conveyance and get them off the DZ and down the road to the bridge at the Wilhelmina Canal. I found the only farmhouse was just off the DZ. I headed for it at once. I went to the barn and found a horse and wagon. Just what we needed! I started to harness the horse and a little Dutchman came out of the house and protested my taking his horse. He was a wonderful little fellow and was about seventy-five years old. He was going to whip my ass right there if I insisted on taking his horse and wagon. I tried to explain why we had to have his horse and wagon for a while but he would not hear of it. His daughter came out and could speak a little English.
I explained to her how urgent it was for us to get these supplies up to the Canal and she told her father. He looked at me and smiled and told her to tell me that his horse and wagon were fully at my disposal and he would drive the wagon anywhere we wanted to go. I said “God bless you sir” and we became friends at once. I helped him to harness the horse and then got up on the wagon seat with him and off we went. He stayed with us for three days. He showed us what the Dutch people were made of. We picked up all the bundles we could find that had ammunition and medical supplies in them. We found a bunch. I took everything out of the bundles and it took up less room in the wagon.

 

Here is an account of a Dutch point of view of this type of requisitioning:

Jo van der Linden in Jan van Hout’s collection of “Memories of September 1944”.
Jo was with his family at the farm on the Northern outskirts of Eindhoven, watching as paratroopers advanced towards Eindhoven on September 18th 1944.
"[…]
A while later a second group came into our yard. With the aid of a special booklet, their commander asked my father if the horse that walked in pasture out back belonged to him. After an affirmative answer he asked to tie the horse in front of the cart which stood on the yard. My father agreed, under the condition that one of us could go with them. Apparently he was thinking about the future and didn’t want to loose the horse and cart. Of course I, a 16 year old, was jumping to go along. But that did not happen. One of the farm workers went with them.
[…]
Later that day I went to the kindergarten school next to the Vlokhoven church and there I saw 15 to 20 dead Germans lying piled up, criss-cross on top of each other. That was one of the things that they used our horse and cart for. I remember very well that it did not affect me at all. I had more of a feeling like ‘serves them well’. This in a bitter contrast to the American Captain (Killey) (sic) who was also lying there with a lethal gunshot wound under his left jaw. He was killed in action that morning across from the windmill in Vlokhoven. On the square stood a halftrack which was presumably used to pull canons. Later, these canons were put out of action and stood on the T-junction of Klooster Dreef, Woenselse Straat and Frankrijk Straat.
[…]
The horse and cart, and the farm worker who was sent along with it, were probably separated during the bombing of Eindhoven by the Germans. The combination of horse and cart later ended up with a horse trader. He aid to have been given the horse and cart. But from whom remained unclear. Anyway my father had to go through a lot of trouble to get the horse and cart he borrowed to the Americans back. But with the help of the police he finally did it."
 

Use of farm carts by paratroopers:

See also Battle Study # 5 for photographs of farm carts at the Woenselse Rail Road Crossing and Battle Study # 7 for pictures of carts bringing the equipment of paratroopers on the Museum Lawn.

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Farmers Eykemans and Vervoor from Son talk to Dutch army liaison Bothe (with Corporal stripes on uniform) at the edge of the Drop Zone in Son.

 

A farmer from Eerde helps haul equipment for paratroopers of Colonel Johnson's 501st Regiment.

Paratroopers of the 501st move through Niew Straat in Veghel, pushing a farm car for their heavy equipment.

The best example of improvised transportation: a German halftrack with markings of the 506th!

A bus of the BBA Bus Company is put to use as a patrol vehicle for the 501st in Veghel.

German spotters climbed the Veghel church to watch the 501st Regiment land. When they came back down they found their car not running anymore and abondoned it. Note paratrooper with his SCR-300 radio.

Colonel Johnson's troopers didn't mind that the German car in the previous picture didn't run. They just towed it behind a jeep to create transportation for a few more troopers.

 

(click on images to enlarge)

At the corner of Pastoriestraat and Kloosterdreef

In front of the St. Martinus Church on 't Hofke.

On Kruis Straat

Entering Eindhoven

On Parallel Weg

Somewhere in Eindhoven

On Nagtegaal Laan

The Currahee Scrapbook identifies the troopers as Mauseral and Lamrell. Acoording to the Pulles Rosters they were in "C" Co./506th. Note the civilian with paratrooper helmet and full stock M1 Carbine.

On Wal

Near the Binnen Ziekenhuis Hospital

In front of the St. Martinus Church on 't Hofke.

On the corner of Kanaal Straat, Bleek Straat, Kanaaldijk Zuid and Nachtegaal Laan.

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